Case study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 49

Case Study Example pain medicine, the appropriate disciplinary action such as repayment is necessary but this does not come without a warning letter that would see stringent measures including summary dismissal in the event of recurrence of the incidence. However, any nurse who misappropriates any medical paraphernalia ought to pay back the full amount, which may be deducted from her salary. Meanwhile, the patient ought to obtain other drugs since they are not responsible for any kind of incompetence by the nursing home staff. In any given health institution, the Department of pulmonary Medicine is undoubtedly one of the busiest departments. Due to the critical nature of this section, the entire physician fraternity needs to be ready to tackle any challenge even at odd times. Since operations in this situation extend to the ICU and ER, any shortage of respiratory therapist deserves critical attention. When investigating this kind of shortage within limited time like 48 hours, the key information that a hospital administrator looks for is what led to the shortage, data regarding the available and required respiratory therapist, and the immediate step that can ease the situation. Since the respiratory therapists perform a significant role both in the ICU and at the ER, this kind of intelligent information will be necessary before the crucial meeting with physicians. Misdiagnosis and maybe the administering of wrong drugs may have severe repercussion to a medical practitioner especially if proven that the any mishap resulted out of sheer negligence or incompetence. As the administrator on weekend call, I would determine whether Dr. White administered the wrong drugs out of incompetence or otherwise. Perhaps my next decision would be informed by the information as to whether Dr. White refused to address the concerns of the RN, May Patterson. If Dr. White, out of sheer arrogance, dismissed May’s concerns, then I would together with other managerial staff at the hospital institute a

Processing Algorithm Developed by Google for Big Data Essay

Processing Algorithm Developed by Google for Big Data - Essay Example What does a scenario describe, and what may it also provide? According to Sharda, Delen, & Turban (2014), â€Å"a scenario describes the decision and uncontrollable variables and parameters for a specific modeling situation. (Likewise), it may also provide the procedures and constraints for the modeling† (p. 57). 3. According to Kassam (2002), business metadata comprise information that increases our understanding of traditional (i.e., structured) data. What is the primary purpose of metadata? The primary purpose of metadata should be â€Å"to provide context to the reported data; that is, it provides enriching information that leads to the creation of knowledge† (Sharda, Delen, & Turban, 2014, p. 46). 4. What are the three nonfinancial objectives of the balanced scorecard? The three nonfinancial objectives of the balanced scorecard are as follows: (1) to improve customer value, (2) to intensify internal business processes, and (3) for organizational learning and growth (Schmarzo, 2013). 5. Describe the role of the simple split in estimating the accuracy of classification models. Simple split reportedly â€Å"partitions the data into two mutually exclusive subsets called a training set and a test set† (Olson & Delen, 2008, p. 140). 8. What is the difference between white hat and black hat SEO activities? The difference between white hat and black hat search engine optimization (SEO) lies â€Å"within how an SEO expert conducts his back linking strategy. Black Hat SEO look for the quick and always wrong approach that gets you penalized. White Hat SEO approach looks at the long term approach that doesn`t get you penalized† (Goulart, 2014, p. 1). 9. What is the most common method for treating risk in decision trees and tables? The most common method for treating risk in decision trees and tables include simulation, use of certainty factors, and fuzzy logic.

J Js Fish and Chips Business Plan

J Js Fish and Chips Business Plan 1.0 Vision To become one of the fastest take away fish and chips restaurants providing customers with the most fresh, tasty and high quality products. 1.1 Mission Statement J Js Fish and Chips will be an inspiring restaurant with a great atmosphere, with a fresh and high quality sea food selection and superior service. We are dedicated to employee welfare and training. The employees of J Js fish and chips restaurant will be treated fairly and with respect as they are part of the success of the business. J Js Fish and chips will be an inexpensive experience for all our customers that will inspire customers to return in the future. The fish and chip restaurant will provide customers with a reasonably priced yet at the same time high quality food range. 1.2 Business core values When making decisions consider how will it impact on the lives of your customers and stake holders. Commitment in having high quality products and services at all times and maintaining consistency Being efficient in your productivity example reducing wastage Inspiring and motivating employees to do their best and implementing a reward system as an incentive. Encourage creativity and new ideas and celebrating small success to achieve big in the future Encouraging respect for each other and increasing teamwork and growth Implement the awareness of healthy eating 1.3 Distinctive Competencies Fast, fresh and high quality seafood that will have a wide range of selections in terms of different seafood types. Highly experienced manager in hospitality industry providing quality products and services Specialising only with seafood Supporting and endorsing healthy choices Quick and reliable service in attending to customer orders in an efficient and effective manner Providing a healthy alternative for your customers 1.4 Competitive strategy and goals: 1.5 Broad business strategies Existing and serving in the current market and expand in the next five years. Prevent misleading conduct and behaviour Proactive and more friendly staff Increase market share Satisfying customer needs 1.6 Broad business objectives 1. Having a revenue 30% higher than Cost of Goods Sold and a profit of at least 15-20% by 2013 2. remaining consistent in proving high quality products and services by focusing and improving strategy. 3. Create and maintain good customer relationship by always keeping customers satisfied through reducing waiting time on food orders. 4. Expanding and promoting J Js Fish and chips by implementing continuous improvements 5. Expanding your advertising and marketing thus sales by 10% each year continually for the first 5 years. 1.7 Description of idea/product The product range that will be offered will mainly consist of fish and chips. It is recommended that you offer at least 5 different types of seafood to satisfy different customer needs, regardless of the seafood type the customer chooses it will come with a serving of hot chips. The fish and chips will be 100% fresh as they are ordered daily and cooked as requested. The meals will be offered at different portions depending on the needs of the customer. As a part of the meal customers will be offered a range of sauces to accompany their meals these include; tartae sauce, chilli, barbeque sauce and tomato sauce. All products are 100% fresh and are supplied by local certified suppliers. The business main focus is customer satisfaction by providing fresh and tasty fish and chips with a reasonable price. 1.8Competitive advantage: Providing fresh, healthy and tasty products as it is ordered on a daily basis Offering a wide variety of healthy options example salad or grilled fish Price competitiveness compared to market industry Prime location as it is in the centre of Fairfield Providing quality service by putting customers needs first Providing highly competent employees by providing them with training on a regular basis Providing an aesthetically pleasing environment (Please refer to operations appendix) 1.9 Your main competitors After undertaking extensive primary and secondary research it was concluded that your main competitors were in the proximity of Fairfield shopping centre. (Please refer to group appendix 4.3). The products offered by your competitors are fairly different in comparison to what J Js Fish and chips will be offering however pricing strategy is very similar except that J Js fish and chips is portionally lower compared to the competitive prices. (Please refer to group appendix 4.1 and 4.2) 2.0 Economic, social, political, legal and technological environment 2.1 Legal Structure and Ownership We recommend that you operate as a sole trader, when identifying which business structure would best suit your situation, when considering which legal structure you should use the following where measured and reflected Advantage Start-up costs Control of business operations Disadvantage Unlimited liability Death of owner may result in ceasing the business 2.2 Barriers to entry A barrier to entry is where a new business is restricted in entering the industry due increase in competition. Competitors will reduce profitability for the existing entities as a result of gaining market share. The barriers to entry for the hospitality industry are lower compared to other industries (D.Bowie and F.Buttle 2004). Some of the barriers to entry are: the threat of new entrants, the threat of substitutes, Capital requirement, (Please refer to group appendix 5.1) 2.3Licences, permits, standards and compliance As rules and regulations develop and expand they will continue to influence the hospitality industry. The standards which your business needs to comply with is the NSW Food Act 2003, which includes ensuring food is safe for sale which is suitable for human utilization, to prevent misleading conduct and to guarantee that application of the Food Standards code. As your business is in the field of the hospitality industry you will be required by the Food Act 2003 to inform and advise the authorities of your food handling activities. If you fail to meet this requirement then a heavy penalty will be enforced. Another important and very crucial Act that needs to be implemented and followed is the Occupational Health and Safety Act 2000. This Act is important as it ensures the safety and health of working conditions for the employees and employers; this is done by providing research, education and training in the area of occupational health and safety. (Refer to management) 2.4 Market and industry, size of market, trends, the target market, and consumer behaviour The following trends were found for the hospitality industry for 2003-2004 and 2006-2007. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ According to Australian Bauera of Statistics (ABS) in Australia by the end of 2004 there were 15,083 cafe and restaurant businesses operating. Which included 13286 restaurant and cafes and 1796 catering businesses. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ There were 1.1 million places available for new restaurant and cafe (ABS 2007). à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ By the end of June 2007 the numbers of restaurant and cafe businesses in Australia were 13987. Thus in 3 years period there was a decrease of 7.2% in restaurant and cafe businesses (ABS 2007). à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ In the period of 2003-2004 total income generated by cafe and restaurant businesses were $10129.6m which is on average of $671600 per business in comparison to 2007 statistics of income generated by restaurant and cafe $693700 per business (ABS 2007). à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Most of the cafes and restaurants were small businesses and about 63% having less than ten employees during 2003-2004 (ABS 2007). 2.5 Market There is a global increase in demand of fish and chips restaurants, such as rapid according to Yum 2010 increase in sales at its Pizza Hut and KFC restaurants in china (Yum 2010). U.S same restaurants the sales were up by 1%. McDonalds corporation is also planned to have more than 2000 stores by 2013 in mainland China (Appendix 12.5). As mentioned above the global demand for the fish and chips restaurants are increasing however in Australia there has been 0.6% declined in trend growth in restaurant and cafes as consumers are cut back on discretionary spending and there has been an increase in sales of food in retail sector by 1.8% as consumers are looking for ways to save, thus instate of going to restaurants or cafes they just buy food from retail stores and saves (Isobel Drake 2009). In June 2007 there were 145546 people were employed my restaurants and cafes where as in the year of 2003-2004 there were 15000 employed by restaurants and cafes. There has been a decrease (ABS 2007). Also as mentioned above there has been 7.2% declined in restaurant and cafe businesses in 2007 (Appendix 12.5). 2.6Target Market According to the primary research that was undertaken we came to the conclusion that the main target market for your business would be school and university students between the ages of 11-24, in saying this another age group which you would base your marketing at is business people. We came to this conclusion that students would be highly likely to purchase fish and chips as it is a cheaper alternative and it is something quick to eat. As for business people, the research that was undertaken concluded that 45% of business people would purchase lunch on a daily basis. Also the surveys brought back a result that majority of the business people enjoyed eating fish and chips in comparison to other junk foods, in particular in the area where your business will be operating as there are numerous businesses operating there We undertook primary research and came to the conclusion that families are another market which you should target. Families tend to want to go out together and have a nice lunch or dinner that is not too expensive and to be provided with good customer service and quality food, all of which your business can provide. Therefore we recommend that your target market should be students, business people, and families, we recommend that as you expand your business later on that you will also expand your target market. (Please refer to group Appendix 3.1) 3.0Market Strategy 3.1 Price Price is the final figure that you will be charging your customers for the services provided. It is recommended that the price you charge your customers is a reasonable amount, because if you are overcharging them, they are inclined to go to your competitors. By providing a reasonable price to customers it will give you the opportunity to generate an attractive margin of revenue while at the same time providing value to customers. Thus the price of the products and services that the business will provide will be based on expenses which include variable and fixed expenses and industry average price. (Please refer to appendix 6 for meal prices). Another pricing strategy that you may want to consider in future is implementing regular discounts to encourage customers to return J Js Fish and chips on a systematic basis. It is an imperative to (http://www.entrepreneur.com/marketing/article70824.html). 3.2 Promotion Promotion is one of the most important and crucial aspects of the business, it involves transferring all your ideas to your target market. It is important that your customers are informed about the products and services you will offer therefore it is extremely important that you select the correct advertising mechanisms. Based on the research which was undertaken the most efficient and effective advertising mechanisms include Pamphlets Newspaper Website Internet social websites such as Face book These advertising mechanisms are recommended to be used as they are affordable and easy to implement. (Please refer to appendix for advantages operations) (http://www.entrepreneur.com/marketing/article70824.html). 3.3 Place Your business will operate in the suburban area of Fairfield, the location of your business can affect the amount of sales generated. Because if you choose to locate your business where the target market is minimal then it is going to be difficult to be able to sell your product and services. The amount of people passing your business is important it is crucial to consider the surroundings near the location of your business. 3.4 Product The product range is mainly fish and chips. There are four types of seafood which comes with chips. So the consumers can choose any types of fish they like and it comes with chips. The fish are 100% fresh as they are ordered daily and fried as it is order. Also chips are 100% fresh and they are also fried as they are ordered. The fish and chips dish come into vary sizes. They are small meals and large fish and chips meals. There are also 3 types of sauce ranging: tomato sauce, chilli sauce and barbecue sauce. There is also the option of buying the chips by itself, which comes in small, medium and large size. All products are 100% fresh and are supplied by local certified suppliers. The business main focus is customer satisfaction by providing fresh and tasty fish and chips with a reasonable price. 3.5 Process Processing refers to the way the business is set up from where the customer orders all the way through to customer delivery. The business system should be set up in a way that has high efficiency and minimum waiting time. Having poorly designed processes can make it difficult for employees to perform well. Procedures need to be put into place to deal with activities such as Customer complaints Serving customers Answering phone calls Being productive and helpful with customers Training employees to use equipment By implementing these processes it will make it easier to function around the working environment. It is important to implement a procedure where you will provide customers with a quick, efficient and effective service as it is highly likely that they dont want their time being wasted waiting. (For customer waiting time please refer to operations) The business should have a system where frontline and staff on the background can do their job in the most efficient way and be able to communicate effectively (refer to operation). 3.6 People: J Js Fish and chips will not be able to operate efficiently and effectively without good employees. Employees will need to provide good service to customers hence employees will need to be able to interact with customers. Your employees are the first who will interact with the customers and therefore it is extremely important that the employees have the skills and knowledge on how to deliver accommodating and supportive customer service. Hence training staff members to be compassionate and respectful when performing their job is an imperative, as it will ensure the success of your business. If you are providing high quality food and high quality customer service it will have a positive effect on your business. A way to improve and to generate pleasant working environment is by encouraging team work between employees and providing incentives to motivate employees to interact within business activities. It is recommended that your business will have at least 4 employees including yourself, hence facilitating the business to manage any amendments that may occur example an employee is ill and cant attend to work. The most significant areas staff may require training will be Using new machinery Communication skills Selling techniques Using new materials and equipment Customer service Using the Point of sale system (POS) (Refer to management section for staff training) 3.7 Physical evidence The way your product and service appears in the market has a big impact on success of the business. People form an opinion about the business from what they observe in the first minute of interaction. The physical appearance of things such as staff presentation, image of the restaurant, presentation of the food and the environment will all impact on the success of the business. As these aspects allow customers to perceive the way your business operates and the quality that your business will offer. J Js Staff members will all wear a certain and unique T-Shirt that will consist of the business logo on the right hand side. This will help to identify the employees of J Js Fish and chips as they will be neatly presented and will uphold a high level of professionalism. Group Appendix: Primary Research Appendix 1: Maximum price willing to pay for certain products: 1.1 The Maximum price Customers willing to spend on hot chips Responses Received 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Total Average Cost Standard Deviation Median Price $ $3.75 $2.50 $1.50 $6.00 $2.80 $7.00 $3.40 $3.60 $4.25 $4.00 $5.00 $4.50 $5.50 $4.00 $3.00 $3.50 $3.65 $3.90 $2.95 $4.00 $5.90 $3.65 $4.95 $2.50 $3.90 $99.70 $3.99 1.23 $3.70 After analysing the market the average price a customer was willing to pay for hot chips was $3.99, the standard deviation of 1.23 and a median of $3.70. Therefore it is recommended that you base your pricing of the hot chips on this information. We advise you to consider the following prices for your servings of hot chips, so that you are catering for all your customer needs. Small: $2.50 Medium: $3.70 Large: $6.00 1.2 The Maximum price customers are willing to spend on a meal of prawns and chips Responses Received 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Total Average Cost Standard Deviation Median Price $ $8.00 $8.50 $7.90 $6.00 $7.50 $6.50 $7.00 $8.00 $8.00 $4.50 $5.00 $5.50 $6.50 $7.50 $9.00 $6.50 $6.50 $7.00 $7.50 $7.00 $6.50 $6.00 $7.90 $8.00 $6.50 $174.80 $6.99 1.09 7.00 After analysing the market the average price a customer was willing to pay for a meal of Prawns and chips is $6.99, the standard deviation of 1.09 and a median 7.00, therefore it is recommended that you base your price on this information provided by the customers. 1.3 The Maximum price Customers willing to spend on scallops and chips Responses Received 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Total Average Cost Standard Deviation Median Price $ $8.00 $9.00 $10.50 $11.00 $6.00 $6.5.0 $7.9.0 $7.5.0 $6.00 $9.50 $9.00 $6.00 $12.00 $11.00 $10.00 $7.00 $8.50 $8.00 $9.00 $6.50 $10.50 $8.00 $8.50 $7.50 $7.90 $211.30 $8.45 1.70 8.25 After analysing the market the average price a customer was willing to pay for a meal of scallops and chips is $8.45, the standard deviation 1.70 and a median 8.25, therefore it is recommended that you base your price on this information. Roughly it is recommended to charge your customers between $7.00-8.50. 1.4 The maximum price customers willing to spend on Scallops 3 piece meal Response received 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Total Average Cost Standard Deviation Median Price$ $5.00 $4.50 $3.00 $6.00 $3.50 $4.00 $3.00 $3.50 $4.00 $5.50 $5.00 $3.00 $2.50 $3.00 $3.60 $3.70 $4.00 $4.50 $5.00 $5.50 $6.00 $3.00 $3.50 $2.00 $3.00 $99.30 $3.97 1.10 3.65 After analysing the market the average price a customer was willing to pay for 3 pieces of scallops was $3.97 the standard deviation 1.10 and a median 3.65, therefore it is recommended that you base your price on this information. Roughly it is recommended to charge your customers between $3.00-4.00. 1.5 The maximum price customers willing to spend on grilled fish and chips Response received 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Total Average Cost Standard Deviation Median Price$ $6.50 $7.50 $8.90 $9.00 $5.00 $7.90 $8.00 $8.80 $8.50 $7.90 $9.00 $5.90 $6.95 $7.35 $8.50 $7.30 $8.10 $9.35 $5.95 $6.95 $8.90 $8.10 $9.00 $5.10 $189.45 $7.58 1.35 5.45 After analysing the market the average price a customer was willing to pay for grilled fish and chips was $7.58 the standard deviation 1.35 and a median 5.45, therefore it is recommended that you base your price on this information. Roughly it is recommended to charge your customers between $5.40-6.50. 1.6 The maximum price customers willing to spend on Calamari and chips Response received 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Total Average Cost Standard Deviation Median Price$ $4.50 $3.00 $5.00 $6.80 $8.00 $4.80 $5.20 $3.90 $7.50 $6.50 $6.00 $7.00 $8.00 $8.50 $4.80 $3.80 $7.20 $8.20 $5.00 $4.90 $6.40 $5.60 $4.95 $6.20 $9.10 $150.85 $6.50 1.47 5.00 After analysing the market the average price a customer was willing to pay for Calamari and chips was $6.50 the standard deviation 1.47 and a median 5.00, therefore it is recommended that you base your price on this information. Roughly it is recommended to charge your customers between $6.50-7.60. 1.7 The maximum price customers willing to spend on Calamari and chips Response received 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Total Average Cost Standard Deviation Median Price$ $4.00 $7.00 $6.00 $8.00 $6.50 $9.25 $4.50 $8.00 $6.00 $6.00 $4.00 $7.50 $7.00 $6.50 $8.15 $6.75 $9.00 $8.00 $6.90 $7.00 $6.50 $6.00 $5.50 $7.00 $6.50 $167.55 6.70 1.34 6.00 After analysing the market the average price a customer was willing to pay for fish and chips was $6.70 the standard deviation 1.34 and a median 6.00 therefore it is recommended that you base your price on this information. Roughly it is recommended to charge your customers between $5.95-6.95. 1.8 The maximum price customers willing to spend on Garden salad Response received 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Total Average Cost Standard Deviation Median Price$ $3.50 $4.00 $6.00 $6.50 $4.00 $4.50 $3.50 $3.00 $5.00 $5.50 $3.50 $3.00 $2.00 $7.50 $5.00 $4.00 $3.00 $3.50 $3.90 $3.80 $3.60 $4.00 $4.50 $3.50 $3.50 $103.80 $4.15 1.21 4.00 After analysing the market the average price a customer was willing to pay for salad was $4.15 the standard deviation 1.21 and a median 4.00 therefore it is recommended that you base your price on this information. Roughly it is recommended to charge your customers between $3.00-4.50 1.9 The Maximum price customers willing to spend on fish and salad Response received 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Total Average Cost Standard Deviation Median Price$ $6.50 $5.00 $7.50 $9.00 $4.50 $6.00 $5.00 $8.50 $5.70 $5.95 $8.50 $6.00 $5.00 $5.50 $6.50 $6.50 $9.00 $4.00 $650 $5.00 $5.50 $3.00 $6.50 $3.50 $6.00 $147.15 $5.89 1.50 6.50 After analysing the market the average price a customer was willing to pay for fish and salad was $5.89 the standard deviation 1.50 and a median 6.50 therefore it is recommended that you base your price on this information. Roughly it is recommended to charge your customers between $5.50-6.65. Appendix 2: Primary Research 2.1 Our findings indicate that 65% (29 out of the 45 people surveyed) of your target markets prefer to purchase medium sized hot chips over small or large size. The next choice indicated that 25% (11 people) preferred small size and 10% (5 people) preferred the larger size. 2.2 Our survey results displayed that 70%that out of the 45 participants 70% preferred to drink some sort of a soft drink when eating their meals compared to 30% of participants preferred water with their meals. 2.3 Our findings advocate that 67% of the people that contributed with the survey prefer fish as there most favourite type of seafood followed by scallops and calamari at 15% each, with 3% of the participants didnt like seafood at all. 2.4 Our survey results indicate that 55%, 25 of the people who undertook the survey where not healthy conscious compared to the 45%, 20 of the people surveyed who were health conscious and would prefer a more healthy menu. 2.5 Our findings indicate that 68% of participants were more concerned with the taste of the product and that taste was a major factor that influenced their decisions whilst the other 32% were concerned with the health side of things and that health was the deciding factor for them 2.6 From the people that were surveyed a result came back that 50% of the people would eat fish and chips at least once or twice a week, followed by 25% of people who rarely ate fish and chips, and another 15% who ate fish and chips at least 3-4 times a week with the remaining 10% never eating seafood. 2.7 Our findings advocate that from the participants surveyed that the majority at 60% ate some sort of seafood at least once or twice a week, followed by 11% who occasionally consumed some sort of seafood, another 10% ate seafood on a daily basis which left 9% of people who either ate seafood sometimes or rarely. This meant that there was a remaining 1% that never ate seafood. From this survey it is clearly evident that your business will need to provide a wide range of seafood products. 2.8 The survey results concluded that 85% of the individuals who participated would be happy for a new fish and chips shop to open in the heart of Fairfield which

The Theme of Escape in The Glass Menagerie Essay -- Glass Menagerie es

The Theme of Escape in The Glass Menagerie In Tennessee Williams' play, The Glass Menagerie, Amanda, Laura, and Tom have chosen to avoid reality. Amanda continually attempts to live in the past. Laura's escape from the real world is her glass collection and old phonograph records. Tom hides from the real world by going to the movies and getting drunk. Each character retreats to their separate world to escape the cruelties of life. Living in the past is Amanda’s way of escaping her pitiful present reality (Knorr). She never forgets to tell Laura and Tom about her receiving seventeen gentlemen callers in Blue Mountain when she was young: "One Sunday afternoon-your mother received-seventeen!-gentlemen callers! Why, sometimes there weren't enough chairs enough to accommodate them all" (Williams 26). She talks about how all her admirers turned out and even though many became successful and could have been better choices, she had chosen their father. It seems that she wants her children to know that she was different before her husband left her. She wants them to know that she was a "catch". The truth remains that she had been economically dependent on her husband. Since her husband left her, her dependency transfers to her son Tom. She not only transferred her dependency to her son and her hopes for a gentleman caller to her daughter, but also her need of the past and her memories of the past. To Amanda, the past stands for the carefree life she led in Blue Mountain. This affects Tom and Laura greatly. Tom despises this situation and can't stand being at home. He goes to the movies and writes poetry to escape his home life and his disheartening job at the shoe factory. He believes that his home life and job affect his ... ...t forget her. "Ironically, though the rainbows seemed to be positive signs, they all end in disappointment"(Knorr). Even though Tom tries to escape his past, it remains with him for he is the one who tells the story of The Glass Menagerie. Though Amanda, Laura, and Jim are not real they are part of Tom's memory which reveals his pain and suffering in his ironic and humorous tone. All of the characters escape their reality that never changes. Works Cited Williams, Tennessee. The Glass Menagerie. Ed. James Laughlin. New York: New Directions Publishing Corporation, 1970. King, Thomas L. "Irony and Distance in The Glass Menagerie." In Modern Critical Views: Tennessee Williams. Ed. Harold Bloom. New York: Chelsea House Publishers, 1987, 85-94. Knorr. Home page. http://www.susqu.edu/ac_depts/arts_sci/english/lharris/class/WILLIAMS/psy.htm The Theme of Escape in The Glass Menagerie Essay -- Glass Menagerie es The Theme of Escape in The Glass Menagerie In Tennessee Williams' play, The Glass Menagerie, Amanda, Laura, and Tom have chosen to avoid reality. Amanda continually attempts to live in the past. Laura's escape from the real world is her glass collection and old phonograph records. Tom hides from the real world by going to the movies and getting drunk. Each character retreats to their separate world to escape the cruelties of life. Living in the past is Amanda’s way of escaping her pitiful present reality (Knorr). She never forgets to tell Laura and Tom about her receiving seventeen gentlemen callers in Blue Mountain when she was young: "One Sunday afternoon-your mother received-seventeen!-gentlemen callers! Why, sometimes there weren't enough chairs enough to accommodate them all" (Williams 26). She talks about how all her admirers turned out and even though many became successful and could have been better choices, she had chosen their father. It seems that she wants her children to know that she was different before her husband left her. She wants them to know that she was a "catch". The truth remains that she had been economically dependent on her husband. Since her husband left her, her dependency transfers to her son Tom. She not only transferred her dependency to her son and her hopes for a gentleman caller to her daughter, but also her need of the past and her memories of the past. To Amanda, the past stands for the carefree life she led in Blue Mountain. This affects Tom and Laura greatly. Tom despises this situation and can't stand being at home. He goes to the movies and writes poetry to escape his home life and his disheartening job at the shoe factory. He believes that his home life and job affect his ... ...t forget her. "Ironically, though the rainbows seemed to be positive signs, they all end in disappointment"(Knorr). Even though Tom tries to escape his past, it remains with him for he is the one who tells the story of The Glass Menagerie. Though Amanda, Laura, and Jim are not real they are part of Tom's memory which reveals his pain and suffering in his ironic and humorous tone. All of the characters escape their reality that never changes. Works Cited Williams, Tennessee. The Glass Menagerie. Ed. James Laughlin. New York: New Directions Publishing Corporation, 1970. King, Thomas L. "Irony and Distance in The Glass Menagerie." In Modern Critical Views: Tennessee Williams. Ed. Harold Bloom. New York: Chelsea House Publishers, 1987, 85-94. Knorr. Home page. http://www.susqu.edu/ac_depts/arts_sci/english/lharris/class/WILLIAMS/psy.htm

Antony and Cleopatra Essay

Octavius Caesar has a pivotal role to play in Antony and Cleopatra: as a member of the triumvirate (the ruling council of the Roman Empire, composed of three members, the others being Lepidus and Antony), he has the responsibility to run part of Empire, he also has a long-standing rivalry with Antony, and dislike Antony’s relaxed mood, especially his affair with Cleopatra.  We first see Caesar towards the end of scene one, where he is criticising Antony for spending too much time with Cleopatra. Two common habits of Caesar are shown in the first few lines of this scene: It is not Caesar’s natural vice to hate our great competitor  [Antony] †¦ he fishes, drinks and wastes the lamps of night in revel.  (I.iv.2-3a, 4b-5a)  Not only does Caesar like to himself in the third person (â€Å"Caesar’s natural vice†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ) he also has a tendency to criticises anyone who likes to enjoy themselves; this is seen again at the feast on Pompey’s ship. Caesar then goes on to list more of Antony’s faults, as Lepidus, ever eager to stop any arguing, tries in vain to excuse Antony, and calm Caesar down: Lepidus: I must not think that there are  Evils enough to darken all his [Antony’s] goodness.  Caesar: Let’s grant that it is not  Amiss to tumble on the bed of Ptolemy,  [To] keep the turn of tippling with a slave †¦ and stand the buffet  With knaves that smells of sweat.  (I.iv.10b-11, 16b-17, 19, 20b-21a)  Caesar again complaints that both Antony and Cleopatra are committing adultery, and then says that Antony has been drinking too much, and fighting with â€Å"knaves,† which means that he is not focusing on running the Empire, as he should be, and also that it gives a bad impression of the triumvirate and Caesar especially – something that Caesar himself is very worried about, as is seen later. However, Caesar changes tack later on, after his messengers bring word that Pompey is growing in strength, and also that two famous pirates, Menecrates and Menas, are also acting on Pompey’s behalf. Caesar apostrophises Antony, in a scene that is thought by many to be highly significant, as it one of the very few times that Caesar is seen, in the play, to pay a genuine complement to someone. Caesar remembers a time when Antony â€Å"slew’st Hirtius and Pansa, consuls [of Rome.]† Although the imagery that Caesar uses is not particularly pleasant, (â€Å"stale of horses† and â€Å"eat strange flesh,†) it is the fact that Caesar praises someone, especially a person that he does not particularly like, which is important. At the end of scene four, Lepidus and Caesar are talking about getting more information about what is going on in the world, giving the current problems that t they are having: Lepidus: What you shall know meantime  Of stirs abroad, I shall beseech you, sir,  To let me be partaker.  Caesar: Doubt not, sir, I knew it for my bond.  (I.iv.83b-86)  This short dialogue, containing some quite harsh-sounding phrases for people are that are meant to be friends, shows that there might be a small rift growing between these two men, in addition to the disagreements between Antony and Caesar. Lepidus asking for information about what is going on, from Caesar shows that there might be an issue of a lack of trust developing, whilst Caesar’s rebuttal of â€Å"doubt not, sir, I knew it for my bond,† shows that Caesar could be losing patience with Lepidus, who is always portrayed as being quite a weak and unimportant character anyway.

The Great Gatsby’s American Dream

The Great Gatsby's American Dream Corrupption â€Å"There are those, I know, who will reply that the liberation of humanity, the freedom of man and. mind, is nothing but a dream. They are right. It is. It is the American Dream. † (Archibald MacLeish). This quote talks about how the American Dream is only a dream. The American is a life of personal happiness and material comfort, and is traditionally sought by the individuals in the U. S. It is only a fantasy. Author F. Scott Fitzgerald shows a great example of the causes and affects the American Dream has on people during the 1920s in his novel, The Great Gatsby.Fitzgerald explains that the American Dream is unattainable through the characters and their actions and the symbolism throughout the novel. In the novel Fitzgerald indicates that the American Dream is unachievable through Gatsby’s unrealistic image of the dream. Gatsby has been in love with daisy for years and spent his life proving that he was worthy enough fo r her to leave her husband and take him back. Gatsby believed money could substitute for time: â€Å"Can’t repeat the past? [†¦]why of course you can[†¦] I’m going to fix everything just the way it was before[†¦]shell see†(Fitzgerald 117).Although Gatsby recreated his past environment with money, he could not recreate the past feelings that were destroyed by time. Gatsby’s dream is bigger than himself. Critic Casie E. Hermanson writes: â€Å"it is the attempt itself and the firm belief that he can achieve the impossible that makes Gatsby more than the sum of his reality† (Hermanson 78). Gatsby’s dream was more than his own reality. It was too big of a dream for him which is why he was not able to achieve it. After Gatsby’s was killed nick realizes that Gatsby’s dream of the East Egg was not all that it was set out to be.Nick says: â€Å"After Gatsby’s death the East was haunted for me like that, distorted beyond my eyes’ power of correction† (Fitzgerald 185). Nick later on in the novel realizes that Gatsby’s dream of the east was corrupt and it wasn’t as great as it was thought to be. Gatsby’s dream was not achieved, his dream killed him. Gatsby’s great American Dream was bigger than reality itself which is why it was not possible to achieve it. Fitzgerald uses lots of symbolism in his novel to get across the idea that the American Dream is not attainable. One of the symbolisms that Fitzgerald uses to symbolize the American Dream is Gatsby’s big mansion.Fitzgerald writes: â€Å"The one on my right was a colossal affair by any standard – it was a factual imitation of some Hotel de Ville in Normandy, with a tower on one side, spanking new under a thin beard of raw ivy, and a marble swimming pool, and more than forty acres of lawn and garden† (Fitzgerald 9). Gatsby’s mansion symbolizes that the American Dream causes p eople to spend money irresponsibly and to live selfish lives. Materialism seems to be everything people think they need to achieve the American Dream which is why it is not possible to achieve it.Fitzgerald also uses the Valley of Ashes to symbolize the American Dream not being possible to achieve. Fitzgerald writes: â€Å"This is the valley of ashes – a fantastic farm where ashes grow like wheat into ridges and hills and grotesque gardens, where ashes take the form of houses and chimneys and rising smoke[†¦]of men dimly and already crumbling through the powdery air† (Fitzgerald 27). Fitzgerald uses the Valley of Ashes to symbolize the result of everyone’s pursuit of the American Dream and their pursuit of wealth. It is filled with ashes like it’s been burnt out and is filthy.It represents societal decay and is basically a dumping ground for everyone who has failed at achieving the American Dream. In the novel Fitzgerald always describes Daisy with l ight like she’s angelic. Critic Casie E. Hermanson writes: â€Å"Daisy is dressed in white and associated with light and sunshine throughout the novel [†¦] Gatsby’s own devotion to her has a permanence that Daisy cannot live up to , yet Gatsby seems committed to an idea of Daisy that he has created rather than to the real woman she is† (Hermanson 77). Daisy is always bright and described with light in the novel, which symbolizes Gatsby’s image of her that he has created.In his mind she is angelic and perfect and bright. But she is not the woman he thinks she is. She is far from being an angel. The symbolism that Fitzgerald used in the novel shows that the American Dream does not lead to any success. Fitzgerald’s novel The Great Gatsby is based around the immorality of the characters and how the unrealistic American Dream causes it. Gatsby’s American Dream causes him and Daisy to act immorally. â€Å"As he left the room again she got up and went over to Gatsby and pulled his face down kissing him on the mouth† (Fitzgerald 122). Gatsby’s dream is Daisy, who is one of the most immoral characters in the novel.As soon as Tom, Daisy’s husband, leaves the room Daisy cheats on him by kissing Gatsby. Gatsby’s Great American Dream was causing Daisy to be immoral and cheat on her husband. The American Dream is only causing immorality in the characters’ lives because it is so unrealistic and unreachable to Gatsby. Gatsby needed wealth to achieve his dream, eventually Tom figures out how he really got his wealth. â€Å"I found out what your ‘drug stores’ were. [†¦] He and this Wolfshiem bought up a lot of side-street drug stores here and in Chicago and sold grain alcohol over the counter [†¦] I picked him a bootlegger the first time I saw him†(Fitzgerald 139).Gatsby’s only way of achieving his dream and winning back Daisy’s love is by becoming wealt hy, so he became a bootlegger. Which is why Daisy chose Tom instead of Gatsby, it was a safer pick. Gatsby’s American Dream was so unrealistic and bigger than himself that he had to resort to immoral crime to try and achieve it. Not only does Gatsby create his own American Dream, but he recreates his whole past with lies to make his dream attainable. While Nick, the narrator of the novel, was getting to know Gatsby he caught him in his own lies when Gatsby told him that it took him three years to earn the money for his mansion. I thought you inherited your money†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ I did old sport [†¦] but I lost most of it in the big [†¦] panic of the war. † (Fitzgerald 95). Nick was surprised when Gatsby claimed that he earned the money to buy his house because Gatsby had preciously told Nick that he lived off of the money he inherited from family. Gatsby’s American Dream is not only causing him to commit crimes and try and steal a married woman from her husband, it also causes him to live a lie and make everyone around him believe his lie of a life.The American Dream is causing all of this immorality because it is not realistic and it is nothing more than a fantasy. Fitzgerald’s, The Great Gatsby, indicates through its characters and their behaviors and through the symbolism in the novel that the American Dream is unrealistic and cannot be achieved. From Gatsby’s unrealistic, bigger than himself image of the dream and the crimes and lies that he goes through to attempt to achieve the dream and from the immorality and the other characters actions it is indicated that the American Dream is nothing but a dream.It cannot be achieved especially not with the unrealistic images that Gatsby and some of the other characters create in their minds about the dream. The topic of the American Dream is still important in the real world because it sets a goal. Although sometimes the goal for people to work hard for. It gives peop le a purpose or something to dream of and try and work hard to achieve. Of course it is sometimes highly unlikely that a person will achieve the dream but it gives a sense of hope or something to look forward to.